Location: Knutson Campus Center Centrum | 08:55 - 10:15 a.m.
P01. “Bringing ‘A Bar at the Folies-Bergere’ to Life and Its Historical Context”
Student Presenter(s): Annika Widenhoefer
Mentored by: Dr. Susan Lee
Abstract
This art historical project brings to life the barmaid in Edouard Manet’s A Bar at the Folies-Bergere (1882). I used this painting to explore the sociocultural contexts that contributed to the creation and depiction of the barmaid as she is shown in the artwork. I then used that knowledge to inform the historical feasibility, and subsequent recreation, of the depicted dress. Part of my research was visiting the Minnesota History Center and looking at two 1878-1881 dresses from their collection. Studying these dresses gave me insight into period construction methods and materials, which I took with me as I began recreating the dress. Using the information from the research visit, fashion plates, and my own historical sewing experience, I endeavored to recreate the dress using as many historical construction methods as possible. Once the dress was complete, I wrote an essay addressing the historical accuracy of the barmaid’s dress and what Manet was trying to convey through painting a woman in her work clothes. This project was comprised of a contextualizing essay about the environment that created A Bar at the Folies-Bergere and the recreated dress, which will be worn during the presentation. Wearing the dress while presenting will bring this piece of 2-dimensional history into the 3-dimensional present day.
P02. “Christianity’s Impact on the Roles of Post Colonial African Women”
Student Presenter(s): Darlene Bulafu
Mentored by: Dr. Michael Johnson
Abstract
This study examines the effects of colonial Christianity on the societal roles of African women, within postcolonial African studies. European Colonialists’ interpretation of Christianity served as a tool “to perpetuate and advance the Western grasp on Africa, its resources and people” . In many ways, the religious institutions teaching such interpretations, devalued African cultural identity, belief systems and tradition, actively seeking to replace them with Eurocentric views that disrupted indigenous knowledge systems. One notable consequence was the reinforcement of patriarchal structures that destabilised the role of women in their societies. There were numerous communities where women had the same leadership influence afforded to men, however imperialist Christianity exacerbated gender hierarchies and further marginalized women, confining them to more domestic roles. This research employs case studies from West and Southern Africa to analyse the shifts between pre-colonial and postcolonial gender roles, with a main focus on religion. This research also analyses post-colonial African Feminist scholarship to explore the extent of these changes. The findings suggest that European imperialism played a significant role in introducing patriarchal systems that suppressed female leadership within African communities in close contact with colonialists. However, it also reveals colonial oppression motivated different forms of resistance, evident in fights for independence as well as recently, with efforts to learn more about one’s own African tradition. This study aims to contribute to postcolonial African studies by examining the connections between religion, gender and colonialism, to better understand Christianity’s lasting impact on African societies today.
P03. “Deforestation in the Amazon: Political Influences, Environmental Consequences, and Conservation Strategies”
Student Presenter(s): Giorgia Mancini
Mentored by: Dr. Fanny Roncal Ramírez
Abstract
The Amazon Rainforest, one of the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth, is experiencing rapid deforestation driven by economic and political factors. The primary causes include large-scale agriculture, cattle ranching, illegal logging, mining, and infrastructure expansion. However, political decisions play a crucial role in either exacerbating or mitigating forest loss. Weak environmental regulations, corruption, and policies that prioritize economic growth over conservation have contributed to widespread deforestation, particularly in countries like Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia. The construction of roads and dams has further facilitated land exploitation, increasing illegal activities in previously inaccessible areas. Despite these challenges, various conservation efforts have been implemented. Protected areas, indigenous land rights, and stricter enforcement of environmental laws aim to curb deforestation. International agreements, such as the Amazon Cooperation Treaty and funding initiatives like the Amazon Fund, provide financial and technical support for reforestation and sustainable development projects. Additionally, promoting eco-friendly industries, such as ecotourism and sustainable agriculture, presents alternatives to destructive practices. The future of the Amazon depends on political will, international cooperation, and local engagement. Governments must enforce stricter environmental policies while ensuring economic opportunities for local communities that do not rely on deforestation. A sustainable balance between development and conservation is crucial to preserving this vital ecosystem, which plays a key role in global climate regulation. Addressing deforestation requires comprehensive policies and global collaboration to ensure the Amazon’s long-term survival and its continued role as a critical carbon sink and biodiversity hotspot.
P04. “The Forced Removal of Indigenous Communities and its Impact on Biodiversity Conservation in U.S. National Lands”
Student Presenter(s): Stella Peterson, Aicha Abdoulaye, Chantelle Schmidt
Mentored by: Dr. Jenn Sweatman
Abstract
The establishment of U.S national parks is often viewed as a triumph for conservation, preserving landscapes and biodiversity. However, this narrative overlooks the forced removal of indigenous communities who had stewarded these lands for centuries using Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). This research investigates the environmental consequences of indigenous displacement by analyzing biodiversity changes before and after their exclusion from national parks. An argument can be made that with the removal of Native Americans and erasure of traditional ecological knowledge, there has been an overall decline in the health of America’s National Parks. Land health will be measured by examining the difference in invasive species, habitat loss, fracking and urbanization, park size, controlled burning, and overall ecosystem health. We will analyze the health of National Lands that are co-managed by local Tribes – Canyon de Chelly National Monument in Arizona; Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve in Southeast Alaska; Grand Portage National Monument, located in northern Minnesota; and Big Cypress National Preserve in Florida. We will compare these lands with ones that are solely federally managed, looking at the loss in biodiversity and park health prior to the forced removal of Indigenous communities. The results are anticipated to support the hypothesis that Indigenous removal has resulted in the decline of America’s public land health. We are also anticipating to find some differences in ecological stability between federally managed and co-managed parks.
P05. “Halfway Hill Fire Aftermath and Rehabilitation”
Student Presenter(s): Austin Burraston
Mentored by: Dr. Jenn Sweatman
Abstract
Wildfires are increasing in both frequency and intensity and pose challenges to ecosystem recovery. My research will explore how reseeding at different elevations affects seed regrowth after a fire. I will also investigate why 99% of pine trees planted in a specific polygon on the burn scar after the Halfway Hill Fire in Fillmore, UT, died after planting. The goal is to help the Fillmore Forest Service office understand which areas of the fire are more suitable for reseeding efforts based on elevation and slope orientation. To address these questions, I will analyze data from the Fillmore Forest Service office from the summer of 2022, using soil samples, GIS data, land surveys, and reseeding data to identify which reseeded areas succeeded better over time. For the pine tree analysis, I will use samples from the Forest Service office and data on mycorrhizae from other sources to determine whether mycorrhizae contributed to the trees’ failure. GIS data will also be used to map where the trees were planted to show the specific polygon location. My expected results are that areas at higher elevations will have more successful regrowth because they receive more sunlight, which supports better growth conditions. I also expect that the success of pine trees will depend on the presence of mycorrhizae and drought in the area. The results of this project will help the Fillmore Forest Service office improve reseeding strategies and increase restoration success in the aftermath of future wildfires.
P06. “How FREN 112 Helps with Career Readiness”
Student Presenter(s): Kasa Waller, Toutou Axvig, Josie Brown, Akeelah Christian, Lettie Caspers, Ella Corwin, Kalee Hansen, Shukri Mohamed, Florance Mutoni, Katherine O’Donnell, Laelia Sackett, Gaby Schuetz, Evan Slack, Malik Smith, Jeanne Uwezo
Mentored by: Dr. Gay Rawson
Abstract
FREN 112 is part of a national grant investigating work-based learning and how a beginning French class can address the NACE Competencies, including communication, critical thinking, equity and inclusion, leadership, professionalism, and teamwork, and technology. Employers have identified a number of skills, knowledge, and attitudes that they need new employees to demonstrate and that are often lacking. We wanted to explore if those skills could be developed in a beginning French class through work-based learning. Students in FREN 112 were partnered with Cobber Kids, conducting projects for them throughout the semester. We want to understand how FREN 112 helps with career readiness for any major. Students will share their portfolios and preliminary reflections on each of the aforementioned areas.
P07. WITHDREW
P08. “El Movimiento de las Madres de Plaza de Mayo”
Student Presenter(s): Ilsa Martinez
Mentored by: Dr. Fanny Roncal-Ramírez
Abstract
Para mi presentación para COSS quería escribir sobre el movimiento de las Madres de Plaza de Mayo. En mi clase de Perspectivas Históricas y Culturales Latinoamericanas aprendimos sobre las Madres de Plaza de Mayo y su lucha para encontrar a los niños y nietos que fueron secuestrados por la dictadura de Argentina. Yo pienso que es importante aprender sobre el movimiento porque muestra que los ciudadanos pueden luchar por la justicia. También el movimiento de las Madres de Plaza de Mayo puede enseñar a las personas que cuando se juntan pueden recibir la justicia para su familia y país. Encontré información sobre quiénes son, por qué formaron y por qué son importantes para la historia de Argentina y la historia del mundo también. Aprendí que las Madres de la Plaza de Mayo son un movimiento exitoso que ha luchado y continúa a luchar para encontrar información y que paso a los desaparecidos que fueron secuestrados por ser “contra el gobierno”. Las Madres de la Plaza de Mayo han sido exitosos en encontrar algunos de estos niños y nietos que desaparecieron. Pienso es importante a reconocer su trabajo increíble que puede inspirar personas para luchar para la justicia.
P09. “Making Music and Connections: Oracle Chamber Music Festival 2025”
Student Presenter(s): Phia Revoir
Mentored by: Dr. Eduard Teregulov, Dr. Greg Hamilton
Abstract
This presentation reflects on my experience at the 2025 Oracle Chamber Music Festival, where I had the opportunity to learn from exceptional musicians from around the world. Playing chamber music at this level fostered a deep sense of community, as I engaged with both professors and fellow students in a collaborative learning environment. Beyond the musical growth, the most impactful aspect of this experience was the connections I formed with members of the Oracle community. Many, though retired, remain deeply engaged in community life, exemplifying the power of grassroots organization and meaningful connection. These relationships continue to inspire my understanding of community engagement, reinforcing the importance of fostering connection, learning, and collective action.
P10. WITHDREW
P11. “Organizational Behavior in Real Estate Brokerage”
Student Presenter(s): Daniel Davies, Mohanned Abdulla, Troy Mann, Magnar Gjertsen, Noah Christensen, Ike Nienhaus
Mentored by: Dr. Shontarius Aikens
Abstract
The project addresses organizational behavior throughout real estate brokers in the FM area and beyond. Understanding what brokers see as significant for organizational health can be useful in understanding trends in the real estate markets. The data we generate can be used to analyze what “soft skills” are valued by brokers and how those skills translate into business strategy. We hypothesize that brokers value social exchange, goal setting, networks, development, leadership, decision making, communication, rewards, perception, motivation. These values, we believe, align well with what makes a successful real estate brokerage firm. We will measure what brokers value by conducting a survey and interview with brokers across the FM area. The survey will list all the values from the organizational behavior domain statement. We will have the brokers then rank their top ten values in descending order, one being most important, ten being least important. We will then create an average across the broker’s answers and create a graph to compare them to our original hypothesis. We anticipate that our top five values in our original hypothesis will be relatively consistent with broker’s top five. However, when analyzing the remaining five values we expect there to be discretionary changes, which we hope to uncover reasoning for the discretion through the interviews.
P12. “From University to Career: Analyzing the Path to Success”
Student Presenter(s): Iyanu Lamina
Mentored by: Damian Lampl
Abstract
This project addresses the significant question of how academic performance, internships, and soft skills influence post-graduation career success. The analysis leverages the Education & Career Success dataset, which includes key factors like high school GPA, university GPA, internships completed, field of study, networking scores, and starting salaries. The purpose of this project is to identify the predictive factors that impact career outcomes such as job offers, starting salaries, and career satisfaction. We hypothesize that higher GPA, more internships, and stronger networking skills will significantly correlate with higher salaries and better job satisfaction. The project applies data analytics methodologies, using SQL for data management, R/Python for statistical analysis and modeling, and Power BI for visualization of trends and relationships. The findings will provide valuable insights into which factors most impact career success and guide students in making informed decisions about their academic and professional paths. We anticipate that the analysis will reveal strong connections between internships, GPA, and career outcomes, offering actionable recommendations for students, educators, and career advisors.
P13. “Top 10 Managerial Activities Used in the Financial Services Industry”
Student Presenter(s): Dylan Erholtz, Hunter Bjorge, Maiah Christianson, Chris Gratke, Anjali Bhujel, Yahir Chavez
Mentored by: Dr. Shontarius Aikens
Abstract
Our research presentation analyzes the key managerial activities that contribute to overall effectiveness in the financial services industry. As we interviewed managers in the financial services industry, they prioritized activities that they deem as essential for managerial effectiveness. Each member of the team has interviewed five different individuals in the financial services industry, collecting their responses on the ten managerial activities they felt were most important to their career, along with additional information. We then compared our interview findings to our ranking to determine the similarities and differences. Our final findings will help us understand where there are areas in the financial industry that may need improvement or where they succeed as managers in these roles.The financial services industry plays an important role in the economy with the flow of money. It includes a broad range of services such as banking, insurance, investment management, accounting, and financial advising, as well as several others. We tied together the results based on the comparison of our findings in the interviews to our original hypothesis. In the end we were able to create a revised hypothesis list based on the responses we received. Our findings provide good insight for financial and business managers, helping them improve their strategies and overall effectiveness.
P14. “MSSA Conference: Integrating Trauma-Informed Mindfulness and Enhancing Client Resilience”
Student Presenter(s): Madie Draper
Mentored by: Nicole Ness, Kelli Gast
Abstract
The 2025 Minnesota Social Service Association Annual Conference & Expo, themed All (in) Together, will be held from March 26-28, 2025, at the Minneapolis Convention Center. This event provides a valuable platform for social service professionals, featuring over 100 breakout sessions. Keynote speaker Rachel Evangelisto, a racial justice advocate and the first Indigenous Miss Minnesota, will address cultural preservation and advocacy for Native youth in her talk. Several breakout sessions align with my academic and career goals, focusing on trauma-informed care, client resilience, and workplace inclusion. My presentation will address the significance of trauma-informed mindfulness techniques in client care and the transition to stability after trauma, an area critical to effective social work practice. My research explores how mindfulness can enhance client resilience, particularly after experiencing trauma, and identifies best practices for integrating these techniques into social service delivery. My research evaluates trauma-informed care and mindfulness practices, alongside data collected from social work professionals who implement these methods. By analyzing these resources, I will explore the relationship between mindful practices and improved client outcomes. The research will suggest evidence-based recommendations for integrating trauma-informed mindfulness into practice, with the potential to inform both client care and workplace inclusivity for professionals with disabilities. Through this presentation, I aim to show how research-based practices can foster better client outcomes and create a more equitable environment for social service professionals.
P15. “’Top 10’ Organizational Behavior Concerns in The Education Industry”
Student Presenter(s): Tyler Rademacher, Skylar Timmer, Abbie Hale, Ben Peterson, Alex VonRueden, Giorgia Mancini
Mentored by: Dr. Shontarius Aikens
Abstract
The purpose of our project is to identify the 10 most important issues of concern for a manager to take into consideration within the Education Industry. Effective management within the education industry is crucial for establishments to run efficiently. We believe the biggest concerns in the education industry include Decision-Making, Planning, Motivating and Reinforcing, Group/Teams, Managing Conflicts, Staffing, Disciplining and Punishing, Socializing and Politicking, Controlling, and Creativity. We believe when these ten concerns are prioritized, it will contribute to a positive educational environment and promote improved faculty experiences. When confirming/validating our initial top 10 hypotheses list, we approached the topic from a leadership perspective within the education industry. Our interviews will consist of 30 K-13 educators to gain real-world experiences and perspectives. To begin the questions, we will start by getting to understand their role on a day-to-day basis. By understanding their day-to-day roles, we can establish a strong foundation for the interview. We will then transition into questions focusing on Organizational Behavior and what they feel are the biggest challenges or concerns that occur in the Education Industry. Following the interviews, we will look for recurring themes and patterns among all of the participating interviewees to confirm whether our initial “Top 10” hypothesis still holds significance. With this information, we will be able to validate our hypotheses efficiently. We also will be able to identify additional concerns that may not have been stated originally.
P16. “Boundary Conditions for Human Perceptual and Cognitive Detection of AI-Generated Content”
Student Presenter(s): Alexis Strus, Dilan Sypnieski, Charles Pikula, Mya Follingstad
Mentored by: Neuroscience Program
Abstract
As AI-generated content becomes more prevalent, distinguishing between human and AI-created material is increasingly essential. This skill is not just an individual challenge but a societal necessity. Our study hypothesizes that human accuracy in detecting AI-generated content will be significantly lower for mixed AI-human media than for entirely AI-generated or entirely human-created content, with accuracy varying by media type (e.g., text, images, or audio). To test this, participants will classify stimuli as entirely AI-generated, entirely human-created, or a mix of both. After each classification, they will rate their confidence on a numeric scale, providing insights into certainty versus accuracy. A standardized time limit will ensure consistent exposure across participants. Following classification, participants will complete a survey assessing their familiarity with AI tools and their attitudes toward AI technologies. Data collection will include classification accuracy, confidence ratings, and AI familiarity scores, as well as qualitative feedback on decision-making processes. Statistical analysis will determine detection accuracy across different media types. We anticipate that accuracy will be lowest for mixed AI-human content, revealing the challenge of identifying AI integration. These findings will provide a deeper understanding of human perception limitations and the conditions under which AI-generated material is most deceptive. This research will contribute to discussions on media literacy, misinformation, and the need for improved AI detection strategies, ultimately helping individuals and society navigate an era of increasingly sophisticated AI content.
P17. “Enhancing Human Detection of AI-Generated Faces: The Role of Perceptual and Adaptive Learning”
Student Presenter(s): Iqra Hassan, Zamzam Mohamed, Naima Sharif
Mentored by: Dr. Dwight Peterson, Dr. Ahmed Kamel
Abstract
AI-generated faces have become increasingly hyperrealistic, making them indistinguishable from real human faces. This problem has significant ethical risks, such as spreading misinformation and enabling digital deception. With the rise of manipulated generative AI media (deepfakes), it is crucial to develop effective methods for detecting AI-generated content. We hypothesize that individuals trained using the PALM-based module will achieve significantly higher accuracy and noticeably faster response times in detecting AI-generated faces during post-assessments compared to an untrained control group. In this study, we will assign college students into two groups: an experimental group receiving AI-detection training and a control group that receives no training. Participants will complete pre- and post-tests in which they identify both AI-generated and real faces. Eye-tracking technology will be used to analyze their gaze patterns, allowing us to determine whether the experimental group focuses on the anomalies taught in the PALM training. Both groups’ accuracy and response times will be recorded to provide quantitative data for performance comparison. Six weeks later, a delayed post-test will be conducted to assess the retention of AI detection skills in participants who received PALM training. We predict that participants who received training will focus more on key inconsistencies that distinguish AI faces from human ones. Eye-tracking data is likely to reveal that the trained group uses more strategic gaze patterns, focusing on AI anomalies. This study could provide insights into the effectiveness of structured training for improving detection skills.
P18. “Influencing Policy: Analyzing Bill Content and Complexity in Minnesota’s 93rd Legislature”
Student Presenter(s): Kayla Molstre
Mentored by: Dr. Nicholas Howard
Abstract
Voters elect public servants to office to represent their interests. However, legislators are neither bound to their campaign promises nor are they bound to faithfully represent their constituents concerns. Therefore, this project asks why different members propose different bills. Using 5,488 introduced bills from Minnesota’s 93rd legislature collected through Python, we analyzed complexity and content. We expect to explore the differences in legislative trends in correlation with member demographics, partisanship, and district. We expect these things to have an effect on bill content due to the different expectations and how members due to their elections and the pressures they face to show up in the bills that they write. We will be using descriptive analysis and regression to understand how these member, party, and district effects shape bill complexity and content. This project offers insight into how these factors shape legislative behavior, highlighting the intricacies of bill proposals and representation dynamics.
P19. “Show Me the Money: Analyzing Campaign Finance trends in the Midwest”
Student Presenter(s): Nicholas Trzynka
Mentored by: Dr. Nicholas Howard
Abstract
In this presentation, I will be analyzing how campaign finance operations occur in Minnesota and the Midwest as a whole, comparing fundraising avenues and results across party lines, independent campaign efforts, and other factors. The Midwest as a region of political involvement will also be compared to the rest of the United States, observing how the Midwest as a region stacks up compared to other regions of the United States, as well as how Minnesota stacks up within the Midwest region. There will also be analysis of the levels of campaign, breaking down their own campaign contributions and fundraising from the state house, congressional races, state senate races, and state-level contributions to presidential races, in that last case analyzing the party-level financial affairs at play within the state of Minnesota. Through this research, I hope to shed some light on the often-mystifying affair that is political financials. I have done work with the Minnesota DFL in the last election cycle, from June of 2024 to November of 2024. In seeking more transparent goings-on within our federal, state, and local political systems, I want to show where the money is coming from, where it is going, and who really benefits from the usage of that money. I will be employing several sources that shed light on the donations and finances of candidates and their associated campaign costs and revenue streams, data which is public, but oftentimes well-hidden and confusing to figure out. By taking that data and parsing it out, I hope to paint a non-partisan and real picture of how the gears of our political systems turn, and pointing at issues that could be solved.
P20. “Candidate Competition in Statewide Primary Elections”
Student Presenter(s): Britta Nordin, Jordan Jensen, Nathan Jordan
Mentored by: Dr. Nicholas Howard
Abstract
Democracy is based on voter participation in elections but often ignored in this is that there must be competition in those elections. While voters and media focus on general elections for this measure, the process of picking candidates through primary elections reveals a wide variety of competitiveness in these races. To better understand how candidates fair in these elections, this project asks what competition looks like in state-wide primary elections. To answer this question, we are in the process of collecting data from Senate and gubernatorial primary election results from each county for each state ranging from 2000 until 2020. This consists of gathering information from each primary in each year for each of the 3,141 counties in the United States. This will allow us to answer how individual candidates perform in state-wide primary elections and what winning margins look like for each county in an election to better understand what competition looks like. Using these data combined with candidate demographics, state election laws, and media markets, we can paint a better picture of what competition actually looks like for selecting candidates and why it looks that way.
P21. “Quantification of Caffeine and its Metabolites from Urine: An Undergraduate Biochemistry Experiment”
Student Presenter(s): Gabriel Sparks
Mentored by: Dr. Mark Jensen, Dr. Julie Mach
Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a powerful analytical technique widely used for separating and quantifying biomolecules in complex mixtures. This study aimed to develop an undergraduate biochemistry laboratory experiment utilizing ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) to quantify caffeine and its metabolites in synthetic urine. Caffeine is metabolized primarily in the liver by cytochrome P450 1A2, producing paraxanthine, theobromine, theophylline, and many more metabolites. By spiking synthetic urine with these metabolites and analyzing their concentrations, students can investigate enzymatic activity and metabolic efficiency. The developed experiment provides hands-on experience with UHPLC instrumentation, reinforces fundamental biochemical concepts, and introduces students to real-world applications of drug metabolism analysis.
P22. “I’m Moving to Canada: Rhetorical Escapism through Inauguration Book Lists ”
Student Presenter(s): Sydney Steinhaus
Mentored by: Dominic Meyers
Abstract
Instagram’s #Readingispolitical gives rhetoricians an insight into reader engagement with literature surrounding political events. This study investigates how the books discussed within these posts mirror rhetorical escapism surrounding the 2025 presidential inauguration, utilizing both generic and feminist critique. Rhetorical escapism defined as how Instagram’s reading community uses literature to confront or distance from reality. Using posts that vary in popularity, this study will explore the genre of inauguration booklists and gendered reading experiences. Exploring findings of nostalgic storytelling, feminist reimaginings, and resistance and or activist literature. This pushes forth the idea of readers uses books as rhetorical tools that can act as sites of retreat and empowerment. This research is prevalent due to the increase in book bans and challenges. Analyzing literature that is contested and detested is important to the furthering of education on these matters. This research also sheds light on the role of online reader communities in the formation of political meaning making and adds to the discourse surrounding the intersection of reading practices, online activism, and rhetoric.
P23. “Function and Characterization of PDB Entry 2QRU”
Student Presenter(s): Isaiah Soori, Brinna Fish, Ahna Novasio
Mentored by: Dr. Julie Mach
Abstract
There are a plethora of proteins in databases with a known sequence and structure; however, no documented function. This research aims to determine the function of one of these proteins, 2QRU. Protein 2QRU is found in the organism Enterococcus faecalis V583. Starting in silico, a variety of tools were used such as SPRITE, Chimera, BLAST, InterPro, and Dali. These programs provide strong evidence that 2QRU has 2 alpha/beta hydrolase-3 domains and 2 alpha/beta hydrolase folds to support the hypothesis that 2QRU is an alpha/beta hydrolase. To further support this idea, wet lab procedures are used. In the laboratory, 2QRU was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) to test the enzymatic properties. The protein was purified under native conditions and confirmed using SDS-PAGE analysis. Enzymatic assays will help identify the alpha/beta hydrolase activity. The characteristics of alpha/beta hydrolase activity are discussed.
P24. “Analysis of Volatile Organic Compound Release from Essential Oil Patches Using SPME-GC-MS: Method Development and Optimization”
Student Presenter(s): Jorgen Deitz
Mentored by: Dr. Mark Jensen
Abstract
This study explores the progressive release of key volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from essential oil patches using solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). Essential oil patches, widely used in aromatherapy, aim to deliver sustained therapeutic benefits through controlled VOC release. To assess their effectiveness, an optimized SPME-GC-MS method was developed to analyze the release profiles of lavender and eucalyptus-based patches. Initial trials with pure essential oils established key analytes, including linalool, linalyl acetate, eucalyptol, and menthol. Patch duration tests under controlled conditions revealed significant VOC depletion over time, with optimized analytical conditions improving data consistency. The results indicate that while patches provide prolonged VOC release, their efficiency declines notably within hours, with long-term tests showing complete VOC depletion within 36 to 108 hours. This qualitative analysis contributes to evaluating essential oil patches’ efficacy and optimizing future product formulations for sustained therapeutic benefits.
P25. “Elucidating the Function of YXIM_BACsu (2O14): a Putative Rhamnogalacturonan Acetylesterase”
Student Presenter(s): Cael Schlauderaff, Braden Jackson, Seema Tian
Mentored by: Dr. Julie Mach
Abstract
Protein YXIM_BACsu from Bacillus subtilis (PDB ID: 2O14) has a solved crystal structure yet functional characterization remains elusive. This project utilized a suite of bioinformatics tools including Sprite, BLAST, InterPro, and Dali, which were used to elucidate potential functional roles for YXIM_BACsu. Sequence comparisons and structural alignments consistently placed the protein within the Rhamnogalacturonan acetylesterase family (EC: 3.1.1.86), an enzyme family involved in the deacetylation of complex carbohydrates. Notably, InterPro identified the presence of a galactose-binding domain within the YXIM_BACsu structure. These observations point toward a function in polysaccharide processing. B. subtilis is saprophytic so degradation or modification of plant cell wall components may be a likely function. The identification of catalytic domains and binding sites provides a strong rationale for hypothesizing that YXIM_BACsu may participate in carbohydrate metabolism. In the laboratory, the expression of 2O14 occurred in E. coli and will be used to validate these computational predictions. The outcomes of this research could expand our understanding of B. subtilis metabolic capabilities.
P26. “Shifting Public Perception: Advocating for Richardson’s Ground Squirrels (Urocitellus richardsonii) by Raising Awareness in Northwestern Minnesota”
Student Presenter(s): Peter Weinzierl, Katie Waugh, Gavin Groshelle
Mentored by: Dr. Jenn Sweatman, Dr. Joe Whittaker
Abstract
Richardson’s Ground Squirrels (RGS) (Urocitellus richardsonii) are a rare and declining species in Minnesota, primarily inhabiting short-grass prairies maintained by grazing. These colonial squirrels are under threat of habitat loss, fragmentation, and persecution. As ecosystem engineers, RGS burrowing aerates soil and provides habitat for diverse wildlife. This short-grass, grazed habitat is becoming increasingly fragmented and isolated. We conducted live trapping at previously documented populations at three total sites in Clay and Polk counties in northwestern Minnesota. We set 8 to 10 tomahawk-style live traps near presumed RGS burrow entrances at each site. Captured animals were tagged with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags in addition to collecting hair samples for future DNA analysis. Our data emphasize the necessity of preserving prairie ecosystems and the importance of connectivity. Occurrences of these species are in areas that probably do not have long-term viability unless they can be protected and offered specific management. In addition to habitat protection, shifting public perception is crucial for conservation success. Our goal for the RGS is to pivot away from their perception as pests. Our objective is to instead show the public that they are a keystone species who play a major role in various environments. Engaging with local communities to promote sustainable management practices is essential in ensuring the species’ long-term survival. We hope to also engage local children in the area. We plan to do this by giving informative and interactive talks to children within schools and other extracurricular activities around the area.
P27. “A Comparison of Diversity by Year for Resident and Migrant Species at Toucan Ridge Ecology and Education Society (TREES) in Belize”
Student Presenter(s): Madelyn Barlage, Katie Waugh, Gavin Groshelle, Peter Weinzierl, Scandia Cruz, Mathieu Charette, Vanessa Kilburn
Mentored by: Dr. Joe Whittaker
Abstract
Toucan Ridge Ecology and Education Society (TREES) is a primary bird banding site in Belize, Central America. Nestled in the Maya Mountains, the site consists of 200 acres of jungle interspersed with sustainable agriculture. It is a small nonprofit organization focused on education and conservation. TREES became an official bird banding organization in 2015 and have been mist netting, banding, and collecting data on resident and migrant birds. We are examining this data in light of yearly variations of species population numbers and occurrences. For resident data we are looking for population variation year to year, and for migrant data we are looking for species as they pass through this area in Belize heading north to breeding sites and south to overwintering sites. This information is useful for monitoring species diversity and abundance, which are crucial for understanding bird behavior and effective conservation. A total of 119 resident species have been recorded from 2015 through 2023, and 44 migrant species recorded from 2022 and 2023. Common resident species seen each year include the American Pygmy Kingfisher, Melodious Blackbird, Morelet’s Seedeater, Squirrel Cuckoo, Red-capped Manakin, and White-collared Manakin. Common migrant species seen each year include the Kentucky Warbler, Hooded Warbler, Ovenbird, Red-eyed Vireo, Gray Catbird, and Yellow-bellied Flycatcher. Data will be presented looking at year to year variation with resident species and timing of observations of migrating species. Our data highlight the importance of Belize as both a migratory corridor and a site of particularly high resident bird diversity.
P28. “Optimizing Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Extraction of Phthalates from Aqueous Solutions”
Student Presenter(s): Olivia Shelton
Mentored by: Dr. Mark Jensen
Abstract
Green analytical chemistry focuses on reducing pollution by developing eco-friendly solvent alternatives. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), formed by combining a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), are emerging as sustainable extraction solvents. They are inexpensive, easy to synthesize, and a promising replacement for conventional organic solvents. This study employed vortex-assisted emulsification dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (VA-EDLLME) to extract phthalates from aqueous solutions using a DES. VA-EDLLME enhances phase dispersion through vortex mixing and an emulsifying agent. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify extracted phthalates, with peak areas determining extraction efficiencies. Phthalates, used as plasticizers in consumer products, raise health concerns, necessitating efficient extraction methods for detection. The study aimed to identify a hydrophobic DES for phthalate extraction. Choline chloride and malonic acid (1:1 molar ratio) were selected as DES components, with pentanol as the emulsifying agent. Phthalate solutions (0.05–2.0 ppm) were tested, yielding R² values above 0.960—dimethyl phthalate being the lowest, while others exceeded 0.990. A key finding revealed the DES was miscible in water, making pentanol the primary extracting agent. Despite this, the study provided insights into the extraction process and underscored the need for hydrophobic DES formulations. Future research should explore alternative HBD-HBA pairs to enhance DES applicability in aqueous extractions.
P29. “Investigating the impact of runoff on nutrient levels and water quality in the Buffalo Red River Watershed District”
Student Presenter(s): Erin Vruwink, Cate Satoris
Mentored by: Dr. Jenn Sweatman
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this project is to analyze how nutrient runoff from urbanization and agricultural development directly and indirectly impacts water quality and the health of communities within the Buffalo Red River Watershed District. Through our research, we aim to evaluate the extent to which historical practices, ineffective policies, and current development efforts are the primary drivers of the watershed’s pollution. Research Process: Research processes for this study include examining regional water quality via watershed data tables, thorough analysis of publicly-posted local government policies pertaining to watershed conservation, regulations, and sustainable development, and collaboration with local community partners including permaculture farmers and cultural leaders. Anticipated Results: After examining collected data from the Buffalo Red River Watershed District, we expect to find unnatural concentration of nitrates and other pH-altering chemicals. Additionally, our analysis of current policies surrounding the Buffalo Red River Watershed will likely display inadequacies in combating contamination, helping us provide stronger policy suggestions. Further, collaboration with community partners to summarize historical attitudes and indigenous practices in the region will help guide the implementation of sustainable practices while keeping the cultural context of the watershed in mind.
P30. “A Novel Classroom Laboratory Approach to Zebrafish Neuron and Oligodendrocyte Cultures”
Student Presenter(s): Trevor Tiongson, Meg Shercliffe, Sharleen Mtesa
Mentored by: Dr. Krys Strand, Harshana De Silva Feelixge
Abstract
Zebrafish are one of the most useful animal models in neuroscience. They reproduce readily and fertilize their transparent eggs externally, allowing for the observation of development. They are also amenable to genomic alterations such as gene knockouts and transgenic gene expression under inducible conditions. A key learning goal for the Neurobiology 400 course has been to obtain primary neurons from adult zebrafish brain and spinal cord tissue, observing neurite outgrowth and maturation. Studying neurons under different conditions has important applications for neuroscience research. Adapting sterile techniques for the classroom laboratory, we developed an efficient system for dissecting adult zebrafish brain and spinal cord and culturing neurons without serum. After dissociating cells from adult zebrafish brain tissue with collagenase enzyme, and from adult zebrafish spinal cord with trypsin enzyme, we incubated monolayers of cells in 24-well tissue culture plates coated with poly-D-lysine. We observed neurite outgrowth and early neural network formation within the first ten days of incubation, with neurons surviving for at least 30 days. Building on this foundation, we are now expanding our work to the in vitro culture of oligodendrocytes derived from adult zebrafish. This transition aims to optimize conditions for oligodendrocyte growth, providing a platform to study their development, function, and potential applications in neuroregeneration. By applying and refining our previously established techniques, we seek to enhance our understanding of myelination processes, further contributing to the field of neuroscience research.
Location: Knutson Campus Center Atrium | 08:55 - 10:15 a.m.
P31. “Lost in Translation: Addressing Healthcare Disparities in Latino/Hispanic Maternal and Neonatal Patients”
Student Presenter(s): Drew Frolek
Mentored by: Karin Hillstrom
Abstract
Maternal and neonatal health care disparities continue to persist in the United States, particularly among Latino/Hispanic patients, even in local healthcare settings. Contributing factors such as language barriers, physical anatomical differences, cultural practices, and U.S. standards of care result in inequitable health outcomes. In this research project, I explored these disparities as well as solutions to enhance healthcare access and quality for Latino/Hispanic maternal, obstetric, and neonatal patients. This included translating NICU documents and signage into Spanish to enhance communication and promote equitable care. Through interviews with local clinicians and healthcare staff, along with a review of existing literature, I investigated common disparities and barriers to effective care. Findings highlight the underutilization of interpreting services due to cost and time constraints and a lack of consideration for unique physiological and cultural differences, including birth weight classifications and neonatal feeding practices. These disparities can lead to miscommunication, inadequate patient education, and poorer health outcomes, such as delayed medical interventions, decreased prenatal care engagement, and higher rates of preventable adverse events. Addressing these issues requires systemic changes to the healthcare system, including increased use of interpreting services, translated material, alterations in standardized care markers to adapt to these populations, and culturally competent care models. Future steps include advocating for healthcare policies that prioritize language accessibility, expanding provider training on cultural considerations in maternal and neonatal care, and conducting further research on effective interventions to promote equitable care and improved health outcomes for Latino/Hispanic mothers and their newborns.
P32. “Strengthening Primary Care to Reduce Emergency Department Overcrowding”
Student Presenter(s): Ava Kiemele
Mentored by: Dr. Julie Rutherford
Abstract
In the U.S., there has been a decrease in patients seeking primary care, which has contributed to overcrowding in emergency departments (EDs). Many urgent care visits could be avoided or better managed with regular appointments with primary care providers. This presentation addresses the importance of increasing primary and preventative care to reduce pressure on the ED and improve patient outcomes. The purpose of this presentation is to show that a stronger emphasis on primary care could help prevent non-emergency visits to urgent care centers and reduce the stress on emergency services. The presentation includes interviews with healthcare professionals across different care teams, research on current healthcare trends, and exploring potential solutions. Through these discussions, it became apparent that many patients forego primary care visits due to cost and long wait times, which in the end contribute to longer waits in the emergency room. My findings suggest that improving access to primary care physicians through increasing accessibility and reducing costs for preventative screenings could reduce emergency visits and improve patients’ health. The anticipated result is a clearer understanding of the impact of primary care on emergency department overcrowding, along with recommendations for increasing access to primary care. Ultimately, this research aims to present solutions aimed at improving both patient care and system efficiency.
P33. “Ageism: The Last Acceptable Prejudice”
Student Presenter(s): Marissa Piasecki, Ruben Bowen, Gabby Brown, Maya Tannous
Mentored by: Dr. Philip Lemaster
Abstract
Older adults in the US (+65 y.o.) have seen major changes in cultural attitude. Agism is widely regarded by sociologists as the last acceptable “-ism” in the US. Previously thought to be a benevolent –ism, research has shown that there is a broader trend of more outward malevolent ageism that is sweeping through the globe. Our aim is to examine the evidence of ageism during the COVID-19 pandemic, how ageism is experienced in multiple dimensions of life. Research further shows that older individuals experience ageism in many ways but specifically in the realm of technology. Older individuals internalize societal stereotypes especially in relation to technology use. The perception that aging people have of themselves is that they are “less capable” or “less educated” in the field of technology. The reasoning behind this is supported by how technology cooperations intentionally design social media to generally attract the younger generations. This cycle of creation created societal attraction that essentially reinforces ageist assumptions about older individuals. Additionally, ageism has been a prominent issue within the workforce when it comes to discrimination and continued stereotyping against older adults in their jobs. This furthers the need to move away from ageism and look more closely at the impact of what older adults can bring to the workforce from their prior experience. Finally, we will examine some strategies that could be used to address this rise of ageism in our societies and encourage cooperation and solidarity between age groups.
P34. “When Minutes Matter: The Impact of Limited Time with ER Doctors”
Student Presenter(s): Karissa Jones
Mentored by: Dr. Julie Rutherford
Abstract
The significance of this topic is that ER doctors only spend limited time in the patients’ rooms and this can negatively impact patient safety and quality of care. This can lead to misdiagnoses, physician burnout, patient dissatisfaction, etc. Limited time with ER doctors compromises patient safety, quality of care, and provider well-being. Even though efficiency is essential in ER medicine, the pressure to perform fast and with high quality is too extreme. Working on better triage and workflows could allow physicians more time to interact with their patients. Balancing efficiency and work loads will help to increase the time physicians spend with their patients. Interviews and conversations with doctors and nurses is how I plan to research the topic. ER doctors confirm that time constraints force them to rush through patient assessments and conversations. They believe that this reason makes it difficult to diagnose hard cases, causing them to brush over certain things and forgetting other important findings. Understaffing and overcrowding of ERs will further decrease the time they are able to spend with their patients leading to more dissatisfaction and repeat visits. Most of the time they are only able to treat 1 chief complaint of patients, so those patients keep coming back until all their ailments are resolved.
P35. “The Impact of Sleep Issues on Successful Aging”
Student Presenter(s): Maggie Brown, Molly Musland, Catherine Thompson, Hailee Bailey
Mentored by: Dr. Phillip Lemaster
Abstract
Sleep is a critical component of all dimensions of wellness. Throughout the aging process, increased issues related to sleep can lead to negative health conditions, such as neurodegenerative disease, most notably Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Sleep disorders, such as insomnia, narcolepsy, snoring, sleep apnea, increase in prevalence with age, affecting older populations disproportionately and affecting the aging process. Poor sleep quality and quantity throughout the lifespan can lead to higher risk factors for unsuccessful aging. Our literature review will consider the broad impact of sleep and sleep disorders at the end of the lifespan, both self-reported and scientifically measured, as well as the correlation between sleep quality and negative health outcomes. We expect that lower quality and quantity sleep will increase prevalence of disease within aging populations, specifically raising rates of dementia and neurodegenerative disease significantly. This project will seek to educate audiences on a critical issue in healthcare and an often overlooked population.
P36. “Role of Gut Microbiome in Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease”
Student Presenter(s): Edwin Rasidovic, Peyton Kessel
Mentored by: Dr. Julie Rutherford
Abstract
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in often progressive cognitive decline usually characterized by accumulated tau and beta-amyloid proteins. Treatments for prevention and management of AD are still limited as is information on the full etiology of the disease. Novel research is pointing towards the gut microbiome having a connection to neuroinflammation and amyloid pathology, meaning that gut-targeted therapies such as prebiotics, probiotics, and following certain diets may be a way to prevent and/or treat AD. This review aims to evaluate evidence supporting these gut microbiome targeted therapies in preventing and managing the disease. It is hypothesized that interventions modifying the gut microbiota composition can reduce neuroinflammation and improve cognitive function in persons of all ages. A systematic analysis of various longitudinal cohort studies, clinical trials, and mechanistic animal studies will be conducted to assess the efficacy of these interventions. Anticipated results from this review include that specific probiotic strains, fiber-rich diets, and prebiotic supplementation may enhance short-chain fatty acid production, reduce neuroinflammation, and improve cognitive markers in at-risk and diagnosed individuals. These findings could provide potential insight into ways to improve more holistic approaches to AD prevention and treatment.
P37. “MMP9 & Its Impact on Memory Retrieval”
Student Presenter(s): Charlene Geraci, Jenna Gierke
Mentored by: Dr. Mikel Olson
Abstract
Alzheimer’s Disease is a neurodegenerative brain disorder that disrupts memory formation. Respectively, cholinergic agonists and antagonists promote and impede memory formation, but the role of regulation of these agonists and antagonists is unclear in the retrieval phase of memory. Cholinergic agonists cause pre-synaptic basal forebrain cells to release more acetylcholine, initiating release of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). MMP-9 is a gelatinase known for its role in memory regulation/learning and neurological disorders, and increased levels of active MMP-9 lead to increased synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation in the hippocampus. Concerning memory retrieval, only one other research team has looked into the role of MMP-9. Our current research focuses specifically on MMP-9’s role in long-term memory retrieval, where the duration of time between memory encoding and memory retrieval is increased. Our hypothesis is that for control rats, MMP-9 levels will be greater compared to those treated with a cholinergic antagonist (scopolamine), indicating that MMP-9 plays an important role in memory retrieval. To test this hypothesis, we subjected rats to acquisition training. Then, using a counterbalanced design, we injected either vehicle or scopolamine twice into their lateral ventricle to create four experimental groups. We then ran retrieval tests, harvested hippocampal tissue, and performed Western blots. Preliminary results suggest differences in MMP-9 levels between the four groups. This research suggests that MMP-9 levels may differ between the four experimental groups and that MMP-9 may play an important role in memory retrieval.
P38. “Tracking Phage Resistance in Ruegeria pomeroyi”
Student Presenter(s): Landen Kjos, Carson Dahlke, Victoria Powell
Mentored by: Dr. Sara Anderson, Dr. Michelle Tigges
Abstract
Bacteriophages are viruses that infect and lyse bacteria, making them strong candidates as a therapy method to combat bacterial infections. However, the bacteria can become phage resistant over time, which is a major issue in therapeutic applications. This study aimed to investigate phage resistance in the marine bacterium Ruegeria pomeroyi. Techniques like ‘phage hunting’ and phage isolation were used to infect a wild-type R. pom and compare it to various mutant strains to better understand potential resistance mechanisms. Due to challenges of isolating a new phage for R pom., we instead used a previously described phage, “Sergio,” to test and observe its effects on both wild-type and mutant bacterial strains. While no phage-resistant R. pom. strains were identified, the experimental process allowed for improvements in the methodology, especially in the areas of lysate introduction, bacterial growth analysis, and optimization of incubation conditions. Future research will include sequencing the mutant strains to identify genes involved in resistance, as well as examining other bacteriophages. This study contributes to the understanding of bacterial resistance mechanisms and the effort to advance phage-based therapies.
P39. “Dietary Intake of Emergency Food Pantry Participants”
Student Presenter(s): Kelyn Henry-Perlich, Aitor Burillo Arellano, Connor Chloupek, Brady Goss, Luke Van Erp
Mentored by: Dr. Betsy Cogan
Abstract
Introduction: Proper nutrition is essential for maintaining our health. However, food insecurity often results in nutrient deficiencies and overall poor health outcomes. This study aims to assess the diet quality of food pantry participants and identify gaps in nutrient consumption. Methods: Participants (n=125) were recruited from the Emergency Food Pantry in Fargo, North Dakota, in February 2025. All participants completed a survey assessing their servings consumed for food groups (i.e., protein, fat, grain, fruit, vegetable, dairy) compared to the recommended daily intake. Additionally, demographics were collected and analyzed through Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Participants reported 2.24±0.40 servings of protein, 2.28±0.20 servings of grains, 1.55±0.26 servings of whole grains, 1.93±0.41 servings of dairy, 1.79±0.62 servings of fruits, and 2.00±0.46 servings of vegetables. Compared to the RDAs for adults, protein (72±40%), grain (37±20%), dairy (62±42%), fruit (87±62%), vegetable (78±46%) index scores reveal insufficient achievement of recommended intakes. Additionally, intake of vegetables (r=0.19, p=0.03), fruits (r=0.24, p=0.01), grains (r=0.21, p=0.02), and fats (r=0.20, p=0.02) were positively associated with number of children in the household. Conclusion: Pantry-user dietary intake was inadequate compared to RDAs, particularly in households without children. Considering how vital food pantries can be in improving diet quality, it is important for them to expand the variety of nutritious foods they offer, to better support the needs of their clients.
P40. “Examining How Kitchen Skills Impact Nutritional Intake Among Food-Insecure Adults”
Student Presenter(s): Jennifer Rupp, Jenny Bratsch, Rosemary Unglaub, Tori Fenner, Andrew Annette
Mentored by: Dr. Betsy Cogan
Abstract
Introduction: Food insecurity affects diet quality, yet the connections between cooking skills and food insecurity continue to be researched. This study aimed to examine the relationship between food insecurity, cooking skills, and dietary intake in food-insecure adults. Methods: Participants were recruited at the Emergency Food Pantry in Fargo, North Dakota (n=126), and completed a 28-question survey assessing cooking skills and equipment access. Questions were rated on a scale of 1-4, “1” meaning none of the time and “4” meaning all the time. An index score was calculated to determine diet quality using the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) vs. reported intake of food groups and was used in Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Participants reported combining ingredients to make a meal most of the time or all the time (rating=3.27±0.69). Participants reported using pre-prepared meals most or all of the time (rating=2.38±0.77). RDA index scores were positively associated with both combining ingredients and the use of pre-prepared meals. The correlation between pre-prepared meals and the RDA index score (r=0.03487, p=0.0005) was stronger than the correlation between combining ingredients and the RDA index score (r=0.19469, p=0.0296). Conclusions: Individuals with food insecurity ate lower amounts of the food groups than recommended by RDA, possibly due to accessibility issues, as many recommended foods are perishable. Keywords (3-5): Accessibility, food insecurity, nutritional intake, Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
P41. “Social Isolation and its Effects on Older Adults”
Student Presenter(s): Logan Clark, Derek Dorsey, Averi Prentice, Junior Surpris
Mentored by: Dr. Phillip Lemaster
Abstract
The purpose of our study is to explain what social isolation can look like in older adults, explain the effects it has on this population, and how we can help combat social isolation in older adults. There has been a rise in the number of older adults who are dealing with social isolation. Social isolation is defined as a state in which an individual lacks a sense of belonging, engagement with others, in which they have a minimal number of social relationships, where they are deficient in fulfilling quality relationships. Social isolation in older adults has been found to have negative effects on the individuals such as low life satisfaction and increased health risks such as lower cognitive functioning and depression. Factors that can lead to social isolation include life choices for older adults after retirement, loss of family members or strong relationships, and the COVID-19 pandemic has played a factor in social isolation amongst older adults. Animal therapy and an increase in meaningful social contacts have helped decrease the effects of social isolation in older adults.
P42. “Exploring the Origins and Impact of Microplastics on Squirrel Gut Microbiomes: Investigating Bacillus subtilis and the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes Dynamics in Urban and Rural Squirrels.”
Student Presenter(s): Yuden Dorji
Mentored by: Dr. Joe Whittaker
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are tiny plastic particles that are harmful to environmental, human, and animal health. Squirrel species, including tree and ground squirrels, ingest MPs directly or through caching behaviors as they burrow into the soil. This project investigates the impact of MPs on gut microbiota in rural and urban tree and ground squirrels, with a focus on Bacillus subtilis. Research shows B. subtilis can reverse obesity and improve gut health in mice exposed to MPs. A related study on campus found higher MP concentrations in rural squirrels than urban ones. We hypothesize rural squirrels will have higher B.subtilis levels, leading to a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, linked to obesity and inflammation. Serial dilutions of gut samples were prepared in sterile water, plated onto growth media and incubated prior to DNA extraction. After incubation, a master plate was created with single bacterial colonies. For DNA extraction, bacteria were cultured, pelted, and resuspended in a digestion buffer for incubation at 37°C. Lysis was performed using Proteinase K, RNase A, and ethanol, followed by spin column purification and in 50 µL of Elution Buffer. DNA concentration and purity was confirmed via Nanodrop before PCR using 16S rRNA primers. PCR products were analyzed through agarose gel electrophoresis to confirm amplification. Finally, 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing was conducted to confirm B. subtilis presence and evaluate microbiome diversity. The analysis of the bacterial community in squirrel gastrointestinal tracts will help us further understand the effects of plastic pollution on wildlife health and gut microbiome.
P43. “Differences in Green Spaces within Communities Inside the Fargo Area”
Student Presenter(s): Bryan Manuel, Zamora Montero, Jack Cella, Daniel Pambu
Mentored by: Dr. Jenn Sweatman
Abstract
Urban Heat Islands (UHIs) arise as urbanization replaces green spaces with concrete, pavement, and buildings, exacerbating heat retention and intensifying the effects of climate change. Historically marginalized communities, particularly those in redlined neighborhoods, often lack access to green spaces, making them more vulnerable to extreme heat and related health issues. This study investigates the relationship between green space distribution, historical redlining, and urban heat patterns in Fargo, ND. Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), we map green spaces, historical redlining boundaries, land surface temperatures, and heat-related health issues. We conduct a correlation analysis to examine the relationship between green space availability and factors such as income, ethnicity, and historical redlining. Additionally, we assess variations in electricity consumption across neighborhoods to explore potential disparities in cooling costs and energy burdens. Preliminary findings suggest that historically redlined neighborhoods have significantly less tree canopy and green space, leading to higher surface temperatures and an increased prevalence of heat-related health concerns. This research highlights the intersection of historical urban policies and environmental inequities, emphasizing the need for equitable urban planning and sustainable mitigation strategies. By identifying spatial disparities in green space distribution and its impact on heat exposure, this research aims to inform policy decisions that promote climate resilience and environmental justice in Fargo.