Time: 3:45 - 5:00 p.m. | Location: Knutson Center Centrum and Atrium
P43. “Exploring the Origins and Impact of Microplastics on Squirrel Gut Microbiome: Insights into Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes Dynamics”
Student Presenter(s): Yuden Dorji, Danielle Haigh
Mentored by: Dr. Jenn Sweatman
”Abstract”
The increasing amount of Microplastics has continued to cause dangerous effects on the earth as well as people’s and animals health. Plastics will break down from natural environmental changes, creating microplastics that are light-weight and can be moved around easily. Being less than 5 millimeters in size, it makes it easier for the plastics to get accidentally ingested by a wild animal.The breakdown of plastics is ingested by animals and can accumulate in their digestive tracts that causes problems and decrease their overall health. Previous research has proven that the presence of microplastic in animal guts resulted in less diverse gut microbiomes. In this research, we have looked at guts from three different tree squirrel species and two ground squirrel species in both urban and rural settings. The gut contents were digested and filtered and the microplastics were subsequently identified using a dissecting microscope. The cecum from the guts were removed, and bacterial cultures were cultivated. The bacterial colonies were sent for 16s RNA analysis for further investigation. Among the diverse gut bacterial colonies, Bacillus subtilis and Bifidobacterium dentium were specifically selected for in-depth examination. These bacteria are part of the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes (F and B) and a dysbiosis in the F/B ratio is related to many metabolic diseases. The amount of microplastics in the gut affects the presence of Gut microbes. Higher numbers of Microplastic in a gut had lower numbers of gut microbes, indicating low F/B ratio.
P44. “Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Dental Anomalies and Pathology in White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginanus)”
Student Presenter(s): Tessa Danielson
Mentored by: Dr. Joseph Whittaker
”Abstract”
An organism’s teeth are essential for feeding, beginning the processing of food and for survival. Pathology and anomalies in teeth should be under intense natural selection as they could cause substantial decreases in fitness and impact survivorship. In this ongoing project we are documenting the number and types of dental anomalies and pathologies in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from Concordia College’s Elsie Welter Museum of Natural History Museum. Deer were donated by hunters or salvaged from roadkill or individuals found in the field. Thus far we have documented 52 dentaries belonging to deer from Kentucky, Virginia, North Dakota, and Minnesota. Of the examined dentaries, 12 were single dentaries and 40 were paired. Sampled deer ranged in age from fawns (0.5 years) to well over 4.5 years. The majority of deer examined were 2.5 years (n = 13), followed by 1.5 years (n = 12), greater than 4.5 years (n = 11), 3.5 years (n = 7), 0.5 years (n = 6), and 4.5 years (n = 3). Eight jaws had pathology including damaged, cracked or broken teeth (15%). Two jaws had serious infections with osteomyelitis (4%). One jaw had hyperdontia or a supernumerary molar (2%). This study provides incidences of dental anomalies and pathology in free-ranging deer and in theory might serve to provide an estimate of incidences of such abnormalities in the wild.
P45. “Investigating Phyllotaxis with Arabidopsis thaliana”
Student Presenter(s): Eden Smith, Jorgen Deitz
Mentored by: Dr. Mallorie Taylor-Teeples
”Abstract”
Arabidopsis thaliana is a plant species with the best annotated genomes worldwide. Yet, the underlying biological mechanisms behind the ASP (auxin signaling pathway), an essential element in root and leaf development, and the genes that make up its components remain unknown. One of pivotal players in the ASP is the repressor protein IAA28. This protein has been found to be broken down in the presence of auxin at key points in the development of lateral roots and arrangement of flowers and leaves in this species. Research has indicated that a particular miRNA found in Arabidopsis specifically targets the mRNA encoding for IAA28, and we wanted to further investigate this claim (Wang and Guo, 2015). Our methods included replacing the IAA28 encoding sequence with a new sequence containing silent point mutations in the miRNA binding site within the IAA28 sequence. This mutant sequence retained the original IAA28 polypeptide sequence, in contrast to the altered sequence used in the previously mentioned research, while maintaining the reduction in miRNA binding efficiency to the IAA28 mRNA. We hope to use this mutant strain for further investigation into the biological processes surrounding IAA28’s role in the auxin signaling pathway and Arabidopsis development. Other methods of investigation into the ASP included the use of CRISPR knockout and higher order mutant crosses.
P46. “Examining the Relationship of Polypore Size and Tree Circumference”
Student Presenter(s): Seema Tian, Charlotte Dove, Braden Jackson, Mame Diarra Bousso
Mentored by: Dr. Mike Bush
”Abstract”
Fungi are known to play an important role within ecosystems due to their job as decomposers and their ability to cycle nutrients (Dreisbach, 2002). This includes the breaking down of organic material such as carbon and minerals from decomposing organisms and recycling it back into the soil matrix. Shelf fungi have been used as an environmental warning sign that indicates a tree is experiencing a turning point within its health (Briggs 2021). Our group conducted a shelf fungi survey to see the variety in speciation and diversity of shelf fungi at Long Lake. Our goal was to determine if there was a correlation between fungi size and tree circumference that the fungi grew on. To conduct our research, tangent sampling was used and measurements were collected and plotted in excel in order to calculate an R2 value. This was done by measuring the width and length of the fungus that was found, as well as, circumference of the tree the fungus was growing on. Some fungi were cut and collected as samples. Analyses indicate there was a moderate correlation between fungi width and length and the circumference of the tree because calculated R2 values came out to be 0.0399 for width and 0.1703 for length. We found that trees with a larger circumference tend to result in larger fungi growth.
P47. “Exploring the Psychoactive Brew Ayahuasca: Its Effects and Expansion to Western Medicine”
Student Presenter(s): Clara Rooney, Cole Cook
Mentored by: Karin Hillstrom
”Abstract”
Ayahuasca is a psychoactive brew that is practiced in cultural and spiritual traditions among indigenous people in the Amazon. When consumed, ayahuasca induces intense psychedelic experiences that produce vivid visual and auditory hallucinations, spiritual insights, and emotional purging. These experiences are commonly described as transformative and introspective. The brew is gaining popularity in the Western world for its therapeutic applications in the treatment of mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, PTSD, and addiction. This poses risks in that it is an experience that must be performed by experienced practitioners. The future of ayahuasca includes collaborations between scientists, healers, and indigenous communities to improve understanding and promote responsible use. Our research will include articles describing the origin of ayahuasca and its cultural significance to the indigenous people of the Amazon, as well expanded use in Western medicine. Articles will define ayahuasca’s therapeutic uses and side effects. We aim to educate people on this issue and raise awareness of the use of alternative medicine in Western culture.
P48. “Can Color Redundancy Among Task-irrelevant Stimuli Benefit Visual Working Memory Performance?”
Student Presenter(s): Hailey Puppe, Kelly Pudwill
Mentored by: Dr. Dwight Peterson
”Abstract”
The current study investigated whether color redundancy among task-irrelevant stimuli can benefit visual working memory (VWM) performance. Recent research suggests it is possible to ignore grouped stimuli (e.g., 2 items of identical color) while producing a benefit to VWM performance by effectively reducing the number of to-be-remembered items within the memory array (Prieto et al., 2022). To extend this area of research, in the current study participants performed a VWM change detection task in which they were asked to remember either 3 or 6 uniquely colored squares (baseline conditions), 3 uniquely colored squares amongst 3 uniquely colored to-be-ignored circles (6 items), or 3 uniquely colored squares amongst 3 to-be-ignored circles in which two of the circles were the same color (6 items). In line with typical set-size effects observed in VWM studies, it was predicted that VWM performance would be highest for set-size 3 versus set-size 6. The novel prediction tested in the current study was that VWM performance will be higher for trials in which the task-irrelevant stimuli were grouped via color redundancy. There was a set-size effect wherein performance was higher for 3-square relative to 6-square arrays. Additionally, while there was a drop in performance in both conditions containing task-irrelevant circle stimuli relative to the 3-squares condition, there was no significant difference in VWM performance when comparing the two conditions in which the task-irrelevant circles were presented. The current results suggest that when color-redundancy cues are not task-relevant, they do not appear to benefit VWM performance.
P49. “Green Analytical Chemistry Principles Applied to the Extraction of Endocrine Disruptors from Water”
Student Presenter(s): Gabriel Sparks, Alexander Rapelje
Mentored by: Dr. Mark Jensen
”Abstract”
The exponential increase in world-wide plastic consumption has resulted in unhealthy manufacturing practices for plastics. Phthalates, a common group of polymer additives used to improve plastic durability, are known to act as endocrine disruptors. These compounds quickly leach into water supplies and build up in our ecosystems and bodies. Our research focused on developing novel methods for extracting phthalates from aqueous solutions and measuring their concentration using GC-MS. These methods employ principles of green analytical chemistry that decrease waste, utilize recycled materials, and minimize the use of organic solvents.
P50. “History of Artificial Reefs”
Student Presenter(s): Delaney Claggett
Mentored by: Dr. Elijah Bender
”Abstract”
The history of artificial reefs and what scientists learned from both failure and success stories is significant for as climate change continues to raise ocean temperatures and more reefs are lost, knowledge about how to possibly recreate those ecosystems is an essential aspect of any study surrounding marine life. The Osborne Reef off the coast of Florida could be considered the biggest failure of artificial reefs, and I aim to research why this is the case and what steps have been taken to improve techniques surrounding manmade reefs so they are successful. I am conducting my research using multiple scientific and humanities-based articles to unearth what led to the decision to create the Osborne Reef. Based on what my research has shown so far, I believe this problem was a result of a failed experiment that could’ve been minimized by doing a smaller project before such a large-scale one.
P51. “Tunneling Time in a Simple Ionization Model”
Student Presenter(s): Zach Jackson, Matthew Mondry
Mentored by: Dr. Luiz Manzoni
”Abstract”
We examined the concept of tunneling times by observing the following situation: We considered a particle in an initially confining semi-infinite square well potential that suddenly changes to a square barrier potential, allowing the particle to escape by tunneling and, thus, simulating the phenomenon of strong field ionization. We observed the initial boundary conditions for the well’s system, then calculated the wave function for the system and the spectral distribution for a particle that has escaped the potential well. Then, using a Salecker-Wigner-Peres quantum clock, we were able to define the cumulative probability that the particle has escaped and obtain a distribution of exit times resulting from the previous equations we developed. We calculated the time spent in the well, the barrier, and outside the system by using the phase constant given by the initial boundary conditions and graphed the functions – a numerical analysis of the final results is still in progress.
P52. “Parental Influences of Gendered Behavior”
Student Presenter(s): Jacob Thompson
Mentored by: Dr. Elizabeth Ewing Lee
”Abstract”
Psychological literature shows that parents are one of, if not the most influential sources of development in a child’s life. Researchers have found there to be a lack of literature surrounding the influence of parents on the gender development of their children. The current study involves a retrospective survey utilizing measures that target how gender is approached and taught by parents, focusing specifically on the influence of and connection between individual beliefs and attitudes. Researchers hypothesized that parental gendered behavior would be most influential in the development of a child’s attitudes and beliefs towards gender. The survey was disseminated via various social media platforms upon receiving IRB approval. Measures include the Bem-Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), household task modeling scale, gendered behavior scale, and felt-pressure scale. Researchers anticipate there to be a correlation between parental gendered behavior and perceived felt pressure of the child. Additionally, researchers predict there to be a correlation between parental gendered behavior and current beliefs and attitudes towards gender held by the child.
P53. “’Top 10’ Concerns in the Healthcare Industry; What Managers Need to be Aware of.”
Student Presenter(s): Anna Carlson, Mariame Ghayout, Elizabeth Malz, Lindsay Miller, Patience Kollie
Mentored by: Dr. Shontarius Aikens
”Abstract”
Our research presentation focuses on the healthcare industry and the Top 10 concerns that managers in this industry get faced with. This project’s significance is to help find where managers struggle the most and create a list of where focus should be placed to help create a better work environment. Our hypothesis for the top 10 concerns that we thought would be the most prominent in the healthcare industry were work design, ethical behavior, decision-making, managing conflict, rewards, turnover, staffing, stress, emotions, and organizational identity and climate. The method we are using is an interview-based type of process to gather information from current professionals in the healthcare industry. Each student in the group will interview 5 professionals to gather feedback. With the interviews, we will be able to solidify a top 10 list to compare to the hypothesis list we created. Our anticipated results for the professionals we interview would be to find what issues are the biggest concerns that managers face to see where improvements can be made in the healthcare field to create a more efficient environment for both employees and patients.
P54. “¿Cómo vamos a pagar por eso?: The Spanish Universal Healthcare System vs The United States Healthcare System”
Student Presenter(s): Luke Wilts, Reanna Borgen
Mentored by: Karin Hillstrom
”Abstract”
Spain has a universal healthcare system known as the “Sistema Nacional de Salud (SNS).” Through SNS, all basic medical services are free to patients. However, surgeries, in-patient care, and diagnostic testing require out-of-pocket payments. This works well for Spaniards, because of the balance it creates. There is both a private and public healthcare sector in Spain, which allows those who need it to seek extra treatment or attain more care in dire circumstances. This is much different than the United States. The United States healthcare system uses a combination of private and public health insurance including Medicare and Medicaid, to aid Americans in affording healthcare services. However, the cost of healthcare in the U.S. has risen to alarming levels which has created a crisis for many residents of the U.S. to pay for the healthcare services they need. The United States should reconstruct their healthcare system to the model in which Spain operated in order to solve the financial problems faced in U.S. healthcare today. The Spanish Universal Healthcare System would be a better fit for the United States, and especially for the Fargo-Moorhead community than the current United States Healthcare System. We used the Carl B. Ylvislaker library resources to find peer-reviewed articles surrounding this topic. This includes articles by both Spanish and American Health Professionals. We found results that correspond in alignment with our thesis, and research that supports our thought process.
P55. “Exploring the Impact of Sporting Events on Climate Change”
Student Presenter(s): Rachel Andersen, Hallie Thompson, Madelyn Barlage
Mentored by: Dr. Jenn Sweatman
”Abstract”
Climate change is humanity’s ultimate threat. The issue of climate change is intersectional in that it impacts everyone and everything. Sports is one of the impacted areas. Certainly, sports are an integral part of human society and culture and also have their own impact on climate change. Mega-sporting events like the Olympics and the World Cup are powerful events loved by many and unite people internationally. However, as the threat of climate change worsens, sustainable changes must be made in the world of sports. Travel associated with sports, stadium construction and maintenance, and mega-sporting events are just a few examples of how sports impact climate change. For many mega-sporting events, sustainability has become an area of focus. The goal of this project is to gain a deeper understanding of the issue of sports and climate change, spread awareness of these issues, and to work with local organizations to implement sustainable changes. This project will focus on developing insight of mega-sporting events and their impact on climate change and applying that knowledge to local sporting communities with the goal of implementing sustainable practices. Additionally, this project will introduce the issue of climate change into sports conversations, reaching a relatively new demographic and inspiring collaborations working towards the common goal of mitigating the negative effects of sports on climate change.
P56. “Carbon Tax in Minnesota? Is it applicable and how would it be used?”
Student Presenter(s): Ayden Friese
Mentored by: Dr. Jenn Sweatman
”Abstract”
In a world with growing concerns about carbon emissions, the public has devised many ways to combat this problem, including a carbon tax. Carbon taxes have been used in multiple countries, showing immense success in changing the people and the environment. One of the leading countries where a successful carbon tax has been implemented is Sweden, the second country to have a carbon tax. Because of this, many politicians have used Sweden’s ideas and tried to push them to the forefront of American politics. Most of these attempts have yet to reach their full potential, but minor changes have occurred in many ways in carbon-related affairs. However, because of minor inconveniences or difficulties from carbon taxes, no states have been able to implement it into their government processes. This all leads to the central question of this paper. What have been the problems and successes of the carbon tax, and how could it have been improved while being implemented, especially for a state like Minnesota to try implementing it as a policy in their state government? However, it will also attack the question of whether the carbon tax is viable from state to state or if this would have to be attacked from a national level, much like the framework on which the proposed policy is based. This leads to the goal of this paper, which is not to solve what the perfect carbon tax would look like but rather to provide a guideline for how Minnesota would implement a carbon tax into its state government.
P57. “Youth Mental Health Access to Prevent Contact with the Justice System”
Student Presenter(s): Alyssa Czernek, Delaney Smith, Jadrian Moe, Alex Brings, Anna Guttormson
Mentored by: Dr. Michelle Lelwica
”Abstract”
We are looking into how the provision of mental health access at earlier stages in life can prevent youth from coming into contact with the justice system or reduce the severity of their contact. Early intervention and/or increasing access to mental health resources can help keep children out of the justice system. We are using peer-reviewed research articles and studies to gain more knowledge about how early intervention can be beneficial and how the emphasis needs to be on proactive action instead of reactive action after youth have already entered the justice system. Our anticipated results are that there will be a clear correlation between mental health access and a decrease in youth entering the justice system.
P58. “Combatting Loneliness and Depression in Older Adults by Creating Intergenerational Connections Through a School Sanctioned Organization.”
Student Presenter(s): Madeline Guler, Ethan Tong, Jordyn Kahler, Liam Haslam
Mentored by: Dr. Philip Lemaster
”Abstract”
Men at the ages of 85 and older have the highest rate of suicide in comparison to any other group in the country (Help Prevent Suicide). Loneliness is one of the leading causes of suicide and it also causes psychiatric and physical disorders. A few ways to combat loneliness is to form connections and be involved in activities. Our goal is to establish an intergenerational connection program between eventide and Concordia College students. This will be established by creating a club advertised to all students that are wanting to gain some volunteer experience. There are many results that exhibit the multitude of benefits linked to intergenerational connections. First, we describe what can cause loneliness and its prevalence in the aging community and statistics of the prevalence in our country. Next, we will describe the negative physical and psychological effects that loneliness has on people of the aging community. Finally, we offer tangible, empirically supported strategies for reducing loneliness through intergenerational connections that could be implemented in college populations.
P59. “Women’s Role in the Continuation of Curanderismo as Folk Medicine and Resistance in Mexico”
Student Presenter(s): Anna Kronbeck, Sara Kampsen
Mentored by: Karin Hillstrom
”Abstract”
Curanderismo is a set of practices surrounding sickness and healing, with our research focusing on it as a medical, religious, and social practice all in one, and with a lens of its significance in Mexico’s colonial, post-colonial, and present-day context. It has been formulated over centuries to what it is today, but the practice has maintained a set of core concepts across time from its Mesoamerican roots, some including cosmology, balance, good and evil, and community. Historically, women have played and continue to play a predominant role in this healing practice and are called curanderas. Those who were healers ended up in high positions of religious, social, and doctoral power and authority. As women in Mexico today are leaders in folk medicine and healing, our research highlights this aspect. Still at the forefront of Mexican health practices, curanderismo is largely regarded as “a continuation of women’s role in healing [from] before the [colonial] conquest,” as women in Mexico continue to pass down their skills from generation to generation. The relevance and weight of curanderismo in Mexican culture has superseded pressures of Western religion, misogyny, and domination to serve as an example of religious resistance through ritual and medical practice led by women. In a more overarching sense, our research more deeply examines, in a qualitative manner, questions of how folk medicine traditions have been resilient over time and how they play a fundamental role in Mexican communities today.
P60. “Forced Sterilization of Indigenous Peruvian Women”
Student Presenter(s): Rachel Bringle
Mentored by: Karin Hillstrom
”Abstract”
In Peru, from 1996 to 2001, President Fujimori’s government implemented a program called the Reproductive Health and Family Planning Program (Programa de Salud Reproductiva y Planificación Familiar). It was advertised with progressive rhetoric of feminism, women reproductive health, and bodily autonomy. However, the government began to sterilize thousands of women, mostly low income, peasant, and Indigenous, without their consent. Using the program as a disguise, Fujimori’s plan was to decrease the poverty, peasant, and Indigenous population. In the end, around 300,000 women were forcefully sterilized. I argue that the forced sterilization was a silent genocide funded by Fujimori’s government, and that the government committed human rights violations and crimes against humanity. Documents from 2002 outlined controlling the birth rates as combatting economic downturn and to save on resources. Fuijmori, his government, and past leaders in Peru referred to the higher birth rates in Indigenous and low-income areas as the “Indian Problem”. Furthermore, in 2011, an investigation of the country’s former health ministers reopened on the grounds of human rights violations. Using the Carl Ylvisaker Library, news articles, real life accounts, and journals, I will research the timeline of events that led up to the implementation of the Reproductive Health and Family Planning Program, what happened during its run, and the aftermath of events. I anticipate that the aftermath had a great effect on the culture integrity of the Indigenous communities, and the mental, physical, and emotional wellbeing of affected women, and in result, affected women sued the government.
P61. “Femicide in Mexico”
Student Presenter(s): Crystal Analco Morales
Mentored by: Karin Hillstrom
”Abstract”
In Mexico, femicide has grown to be a serious and concerning problem that reflects structural flaws and ingrained social injustices. The importance of understanding femicide within the context of gender-based violence is explored in this abstract. The issue being addressed is the widespread violence against women, which has led to many fatalities and severe injuries that disproportionately impact women of Mexican descent. Thesis: femicide in Mexico is a manifestation of pervasive gender inequality, made worse by structural flaws in the legal and law enforcement sectors as well as impunity. The present study aims to explain the various factors influencing femicide in Mexico by combining qualitative research techniques such as case studies, literature reviews, and statistical analysis. It will look into cultural and societal views regarding gender roles and violence against women in addition to analyzing patterns, motives, and systemic failures in resolving these crimes. A thorough understanding of the complicated factors causing femicide in Mexico is one of the expected results, which will highlight the critical need for institutional changes and change in society. The study aims to provide professors, students, and activists with insights to educate and develop new approaches for preventing and addressing femicide in Mexico by highlighting the intersectionality of gender, socio-economic status, and systemic failures. In the end, the goal is to create a society where women feel safe and valued.
P62. “Virtual Gatherings: An Ethnographic Study of Culture and Socialization in Online Voice Chat Communities”
Student Presenter(s): Zachary Culver
Mentored by: Dr. Karla Knutson
”Abstract”
The internet and virtual reality have created new and unique spaces for socialization. This ethnographic essay explores the emerging cultures and behaviors of people that socialize in online voice chats. The purpose of an ethnography is to study the behavior and culture of specific groups of people. The group being studied in this ethnography is the people that populate public voice chat communities. The spaces being studied range from casual socializing lobbies to topic-specific discussion groups. Some spaces for voice chatting with strangers are populated with tens of thousands of people at all times, leading to the opportunity for unique cultures to arise. Other topics that will be explored include social oddities and niche internet cultures. The research was conducted through observation, participation, and interviews. The expected result of this study is to document the current state of the online voice chatting communities that are available in 2024.
P63. “Seeing the Message? TV Advertising in State-Wide Primary Elections”
Student Presenter(s): Hannah Paysse
Mentored by: Dr. Nicholas Howard
”Abstract”
Televised campaign advertisements are a key element of political campaigns for candidate strategy and voter information. General understanding of these effects is murky given the differing findings for turnout and election outcomes across differing studies. This lack of clarity in general election’s omnipresent messaging environment leads us to explore advertisements’ effects from the new perspective of statewide primary elections. This project explores the effect that strategic decisions made by politicians running for state office have on primary election outcomes, looking primarily at advertisement amount and the type of advertisement available to voters. Statewide primary races provide an environment with fewer resources, no partisan affiliation difference, and multi-candidate contests. Candidates must therefore appeal to voters in different fashions and be strategic about how they deploy their more limited resources. Data was collected from each county throughout 25 states over the course of six election cycles from 2010-2020. We leverage variation in campaign advertising across media markets by exploring how the extent and content of advertising available to voters in a county affects turnout and election results to answer three questions. First, what is the pattern of advertising across counties in these elections? Second, what effect do advertisements have in state-wide primary elections? These results shed light on the link between campaign messaging strategies and election results in these low-information environments.
P64. “Organizational Behavior Issues for Managers/Leaders in the Arts and Culture Industry”
Student Presenter(s): Chase Linde, Christian Elmer, Erick Torres, Michael Matthews
Mentored by: Dr. Shontarius Aikens
”Abstract”
The purpose of this presentation is to look at the local arts and culture industry and analyze the organizational activities that managers and leaders deal with in the industry. We have created a hypothetical list of 10 activities that we believe managers in the industry face in their everyday interactions both inside and outside the organization. With a strong look at the local arts and culture industry, we will look at local non- and for-profit music and art organizations including, but not limited to: The Fargo/Moorhead Symphony, The Fargo/Moorhead Opera, The Plains Art Museum, The Tri-City arts council, Fargo/Moorhead Community Theater and many more. Through interviews with twenty or more local leaders in the industry, we will measure their responses and compare and contrast those responses to our initial top 10 list of activities to find what leaders in the local industry actually deem as important in their everyday activities.
P65. “Excavating Dinosaurs in the Hell Creek Formation”
Student Presenter(s): Olivia Daniels, Peter Weinzierl, Cael Schlauderaff
Mentored by: Dr. Ron Nellermoe
”Abstract”
Over the summer of 2023, a team of five Concordia students traveled with paleontologists from Rowan University to rural Montana in order to recover fossil specimens from the Hell Creek Formation. The summer team spent 2 weeks hiking and prospecting through this region of Montana with the goal of collecting new fossil specimens to bring back to Concordia’s geology lab for later restoration and educational work. Students were taught and demonstrated orienteering skills, quarrying techniques, bone identification, and preservation practices while working in real fieldwork environments. Primary focus was spent excavating edmontosaurus from two distinct field sites. The largest of these sites was an ongoing quarry established two field seasons earlier. Excavation and quarrying on this site was completed by the end of the field season and this specimen was transported for restoration and use as an educational specimen at the University of North Dakota’s new paleontology department.
P66. “Displaying Human Remains: A Consideration of Irish Bog Bodies”
Student Presenter(s): Zara Iwen
Mentored by: Dr. Susan Lee
”Abstract”
In the sphere of museums, one of the topics that is undergoing a large amount of review and change is that of the displaying of human remains. I researched the two main arguments on the displaying of remains and how many of the bodies entered into archives and museums. I focused in on the bog bodies on display at the National Museum of Ireland, and how the exhibition in which they are a part of treat the remains. I also compared the treatment of the bog bodies in the exhibition to other human remains in the National Museum of Ireland. My research process predominantly consisted of reading different materials from people in the conservation, archival, and museum spheres. I also traveled to the National Museum of Ireland in Dublin to visit the exhibitions in person during the fall of 2023.
P67. “Organizational Behavior in the Retail Industry”
Student Presenter(s): Kay Pederson, Charlie Rasmussen, Justin Lamp, Kipton Jenson Jena Bjelland Ben Blancas
Mentored by: Dr. Shontarius Aikens
”Abstract”
The retail industry is a constantly evolving sector that contributes greatly to the global economy. Ever changing consumer preferences shape what is demanded from a customer experience and product, and the status of our economy heavily impacts consumer spending. An often overlooked nuance of retail businesses’ success and customer experience is management. As a team, we will explore the complexities of management in this industry, how it has changed overtime, and what managers in today’s consumer driven world focus on. By gathering insight from industry professionals, we seek to understand how management strategies we have learned in the classroom are applied successfully, or unsuccessfully, in the workforce. We hypothesize that the primary focuses of retail management today are decision making, staffing, and training and development. In order to test this hypothesis, we will conduct 30 interviews to uncover managerial leaders priorities, challenges, and successes in the retail industry.
P68. “Beyond the Boardroom: An Ethnographic Study of the Moorhead Public School Board”
Student Presenter(s): Ridgley Hulstein
Mentored by: Dr. Karla Knutson
”Abstract”
The purpose of conducting an ethnographic study on the Moorhead Public School Board is to gain a deep understanding of the social dynamics that shape the decisions made within the government organization that affects all of our futures. The methods used within this study included participant observation, interviews, as well as casual conversations. By being immersed in each of these meetings I was able to see the interactions of the board members as well as local administration and community members. The goal is to uncover implicit bias, power relations, and to be witness to policy discussion that will affect all local children. The anticipated results of this study are to identify patterns which indicate power relations as well as to break down conflicts that occur within this space to see where they stem from. Additionally, this study aims to break down socio-cultural factors that impact the board’s decision making and to see how these factors contribute to promoting equity within this school district.This project aims to be useful in showcasing an entity important to understand for future educators as well as all community members. Overall this ethnographic study of the Moorhead Public School Board provides a nuanced experience of being in a school system in which the researcher has no ties to, in order to offer valuable insights into issues as well as the things that they do well.
P69. “Beyond the Books”
Student Presenter(s): Tristin Qualey
Mentored by: Dr. Karla Knutson
”Abstract”
As public-facing social safety net programs crumble, become restricted, and/or lose funding across America, citizens in need of services that are inaccessible to them are forced into a choice: make a sacrifice, or go without. Thankfully, cost-free services and programs at local libraries can help to ameliorate these situations by offering resources. However, as revealed through participant observation of the Moorhead Public Library in the form of biweekly visits, and interviews collected from both library workers and patrons, it can be seen that the sense of community and collective kinsmanship to be had is just as impactful; a kind face and source of unconditional support can change lives. This research (presented via poster board session) has been conducted more specifically through recurring sessions of notetaking with the primary purpose of recognizing connections made both between individuals that use the library’s services, and those who help organize and distribute them. Additionally, structured though informal interviews have been, and continue to be, conducted in order to minimize speculation toward the nature of interactions within the community group. While the full series of observation isn’t yet complete, recurring themes of charity and assistance within observed interactions serve as the base of the study’s hypothesis that, regardless of the effectiveness of free programs on one’s well being, sharing a space predisposes people to altruism even if their financial or emotional situations would suggest otherwise.
P70. “El Crecimiento del Ecoturismo en Segovia, España”
Student Presenter(s): Hannah Olson
Mentored by: Karin Hillstrom
”Abstract”
THIS PRESENTATION WILL BE GIVEN IN SPANISH
Con más gente con la habilidad de tener un sueldo alto y disponible para compras, viajar se ha convertido en un lugar atractivo para esas compras. Un resultado es el crecimiento del turismo, sin embargo, con este crecimiento hay más demanda y estrés en los sitios turísticos. Para mitigar este estrés, muchos turistas y sitios están cambiando su forma del turismo a ecoturismo. Ecoturismo, conocido como turismo ecológico, es turismo pero con una meta que sea más sostenible para la naturaleza, gente, y cultura de los destinos. Un lugar que tiene esta presión turística es España, que ha tenido una explosion del crecimiento de turistas después de los años 70s. La ciudad de Segovia, España es uno de los destinos frágiles con arquitectura y monumentos significativos del siglo I hasta el siglo XXI. Allí su oficina de turismo siempre está trabajando en un equilibrio entre sostenibilidad y su objetivo de conectar a los visitantes a la ciudad. Cuando yo estudié en Segovia, trabajé en el centro de recepción de visitantes para la oficina de turismo. Allí vi los trabajos para mejorar la sostenibilidad del turismo en Segovia.
As more people around the world find themselves with disposable income, travel has become an attractive place to spend money. This has resulted in the insane growth of tourism and there is more demand and strain on popular destinations. To combat this, many are changing their ways to a more sustainable form of tourism. One of these forms is ecotourism. Ecotourism, as known as ecological tourism, is tourism but with the mission of being sustainable to the nature, people, and culture of the places one visits. Spain is one of these countries that has had an exploding tourism scene. In the city of Segovia, Spain, where there are monuments from the 1st through the 21st centuries, their tourism office is continually trying to be sustainable while completing their mission of connecting visitors to the history and charm of the city. I studied in Segovia and completed an internship at the tourism office, and I will showcase how tourism in Segovia is moving to be more sustainable.
P71. “Coffee and Connection: Exploring Social Dynamics in Twenty Below Coffee Co.”
Student Presenter(s): Peyton Moench
Mentored by: Dr. Karla Knutson
”Abstract”
Third places – places where people spend time between their environments of home and their workplace – are significant spaces in which community members can exchange ideas and form social relationships. My ethnographic study aims to explore how a specific third place – Twenty Below Coffee Co. in Moorhead – fosters and shapes relationships and interactions between its regular attendees. My study uses a qualitative approach, including prolonged participant observation over a total of 12 weeks during which I will seek an understanding of the roles, community, and social interactions of the coffee shop’s regular patrons, documenting my observations, informal conversations, and interviews in a personal field journal. My research aims to discover whether aspects of interaction and physical proximity in Twenty Below influence coffee shop patrons’ sense of belonging and social relationships. From these findings, I can conclude whether Twenty Below’s social and physical atmosphere fosters connections between residents of its area and creates a sense of inclusion in its space. Ultimately, my ethnographic research seeks to offer an insight into the role of third places in shaping interpersonal relationships and strengthening individuals’ feelings of belonging.
P72.-P74. “Beyond LEO: Human Factors of Long-Duration Space Travel”
Student Presenter(s): Venesa Angau, Cayley Borrud, Alexa Corbett, Charlene Geraci, Annika Griffith, Signe Harris, Jessica Howard, Kathryn Lind, Peace Nanyonga, Sharon Mac-George Nwabia, Sahra Mohamed, Sharleen Mtesa
Mentored by: Dr. Krys Strand
”Abstract”
The next era of space exploration sending humans beyond Low Earth Orbit (LEO) to the Moon, Mars, and perhaps beyond, will pose unprecedented challenges and opportunities for human spaceflight and planetary operations. Solving these challenges are expected to have profound terrestrial benefits in addition to supporting human life in space. We investigated the critical human factors impacting long-duration spaceflight, focusing on several physiological and neuropsychological systems affected by living and working in ICE: isolated, confined, and extreme environments. In addition to working as a small crew in a confined space, travelling through and stationed on austere environments far away from Earth subjects astronauts to microgravity, fractional gravity, and increased radiation. These factors cause nearly every human system to adapt or face progressively detrimental outcomes. Understanding the effects of microgravity, radiation, and other stressors on human physiology, cognition, performance, and overall wellbeing is of critical importance to NASA, other space agencies, and private enterprises. We conducted a literature review of the known effects on humans working in space, primarily from studies on crews spending six months or longer on the International Space Station, and we identified key problems and countermeasures. We will share our findings and describe our proposed research questions and mission profile designs for lunar and Mars exploration missions.
P75. “Investigating the Effects of Acetazolamide on Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS) in a Simulated Microgravity Environment”
Student Presenter(s): Yvette Umutoniwase, Yuden Dorji, Mubina Rasul, Favziya Rasulova, Fatima Mohammed
Mentored by: Dr. Krys Strand
”Abstract”
Astronauts experience eyesight deterioration after they return to earth from space due to the effects of microgravity and radiation. This study aims to explore the impact of microgravity and radiation on Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS) and the potential mitigating effects of acetazolamide. The primary objective is to deepen understanding of how microgravity affects ocular health, particularly in relation to SANS, and evaluate acetazolamide’s effectiveness in preventing ocular changes induced by these space-like conditions. In this study, New Zealand White rabbits were used as subjects, the research was designed to simulate the conditions of spaceflight, including exposure to proton radiation and a head-down tilt bed rest apparatus to mimic microgravity. The experimental setup is divided into groups experiencing various conditions of radiation and microgravity, with one group serving as a control. The two experimental groups were also administered with acetazolamide after exposure to microgravity and radiation. After the medication, we hypothesize that the effects of intracranial hypertension will be reduced and the cerebrospinal fluid will decrease. Specialized imaging techniques such as ocular ultrasound and fundus photography will be used for detailed ocular assessment in the subjects. The study’s significance extends across academic, pharmacological, and societal domains, contributing insights into SANS prevention strategies, advancing therapeutic options for astronauts, and contributing to safer and more effective space missions. Ethical considerations and the wellbeing of the study subjects are crucial to the success of the study.
P76. “Hactivism and Beyond: An Examination of Hacking in the Digital Era”
Student Presenter(s): Vanessa Islas, Mariana Martins Carvalho, Zamzam Mohamed
Mentored by: Dr. Ahmed Kamel
”Abstract”
As our society becomes more interconnected, there is a growing demand for education about computer hacking and its surrounding stigma that all hacking is inherently bad. However, there are instances where hacking was used for a good cause. We will be exploring the background history of computer hacking, the laws existing for different forms of attacks, as well as the ethical and moral perception of white, black, and gray hat hackers. Since there is a lack of awareness when it comes to learning about these hackers,we are reviewing scholarly articles and papers and diving into the lives of these three types of hackers and seeing the impact they have in society. In addition, we will be conducting a survey among Concordia students to gather data on how much knowledge they have when it comes to these hackers. Our end goal is to raise awareness and inform people about the background and significance of white, black, and gray hat hackers and how much they impact our lives in ways we don’t think of. We anticipate that students with less technical knowledge will know less about ethical hacking or tend to have a more glamorized view of the profession.
P77. “Establishing ‘Established Adulthood’: Empirical Support for a Distinct Period of Adult Life”
Student Presenter(s): Meg Shercliffe
Mentored by: Dr. Philip Lemaster
”Abstract”
Established adulthood (ages 30-45) marks a period of unique familial, occupational, and relational obligations. Mehta et al. (2020) first posited that this period of the lifespan has emerged as a distinct part of life, situated between emerging adulthood and middle age. However, this hypothesis has received little quantitative research. The current study contributes to the literature surrounding established adulthood by discerning self-reported feelings about adult life amongst emerging, established, and middle-aged adults. Using ANOVAs to investigate differences between age groups, it was found that established adults showed more life stability and commitment than emerging adults, yet more exploration and experimentation compared to middle-aged adults. Work-related hassles were also greater for established adults. These results are consistent with previous qualitative research, indicating that established adulthood is a distinct period of the lifespan.
P78. “Understanding Consumer Perceptions and Behaviors in the Mental Health Merchandise Market: A Quantitative Analysis”
Student Presenter(s): Kaleigh Reller
Mentored by: Dr. Odile Streed
”Abstract”
This research investigates consumer preferences and behaviors within the mental health merchandise market through a quantitative analysis. The significance lies in understanding the dynamics of consumer behavior and perceptions regarding mental health apparel and merchandise across different age groups, contexts of usage, motivations for purchase, and preferences for design and comfort. Hypotheses: Expectation: Individuals prioritize comfort in mental health merchandise, preferring soft, upbeat messaging over language focusing on mental illness. Hoodies and comfortable items are preferred. Perception: Consumers are skeptical of profit motives in the mental health merchandise market and feel that mental health awareness is often misrepresented as a social media trend. Purchase Behavior: Consumers are reluctant to spend over $40 on mental health merchandise, primarily discovering products through social media marketing and being more inclined to purchase as gifts. Usage: Mental health merchandise is utilized for self-expression and charitable support, with messaging perceived as directed towards others rather than themselves. A structured survey was administered to 287 participants, focusing on attitudes towards mental health merchandise, preferences in design and messaging, spending budget, social media habits, and usage contexts. Results indicate that trust is crucial in mental health merchandise purchases, with concerns regarding profit motives of businesses. Consumer preferences prioritize comfort and charitable contributions over trend-following and social media popularity. The study also reveals demographic trends, with a predominance of female respondents from Generation Z and Generation X.
P79. “Pouring Apologia: How Bud Light Responded to Public Scrutiny”
Student Presenter(s): Alexandra Klein
Mentored by: Dr. Kirsten Theye
”Abstract”
Apologia is defined as a formal defense, especially of one’s opinions, positions, or actions. Bud Light, a leading beer brand, faced significant backlash from right-wing circles after their sponsorship campaign with transgender TikTok influencer Dylan Mulvaney in April 2023. This now-called “Bud Light Boycott” is still occurring to this day with celebrities, musicians, athletes, and others weighing in their opinions. Using this case study, we can unpack the history and evolution of apologia, how Bud Light reacted, the aftermath of said “apology”, and what Bud Light’s response has taught us. Because of Bud Light’s use of apologia and rhetorical tactics, we can begin to have a better understanding of the organizational communication that occurs within corporations.
P80. “Regularly”
Student Presenter(s): Makayla Anderson
Mentored by: Dr. Karla Knutson
”Abstract”
Coffee is easy to make. A latte, americano, or any other drink that sounds too French is more complicated. But coffee is easy to make. Why do specific individuals have such a strong affection for those stores that they make stopping in for a two-dollar coffee a part of their daily routine? Regulars of Third Drop Coffee interact with each other in personal ways yet have diverse backgrounds, creating a community of difference and comfort. I want to get to know regulars personally and identify their backgrounds and driving forces to become regulars. I plan to focus on the interaction of three or four regulars, two baristas, and possibly the owner. My argument is that people aim to become regulars to find some type of belonging. This project is an ethnography, which is the observance and submersion into a specific culture. I plan to write a paper and do a poster presentation on the information I gather. I will gather this information by observing regular’s behavior, conducting interviews, and interacting with the Third Drop community. Overall, this ethnography aims to observe strangers with diverse backgrounds and how and why they become regulars. I anticipate that different people will have different motivations for a cup of joe every morning.
P81. “3DS8, Why Should we Investigate?”
Student Presenter(s): Mackenzie Johnson, Al Sterling, Isaac Blashack, Lily Haasser
Mentored by: Dr. Julie Mach
”Abstract”
In all living organisms, proteins have highly complex interactions and functions that are integral to life. However, there are a plethora of proteins in organisms whose specific functions remain unknown. 3DS8, as it is formally coded in the Protein Data Bank, is one such protein of unknown function isolated from the bacteria Listeria innocua. The goal of this research was to express, isolate, and purify this protein of interest, and investigate its function. Using the bioinformatic programs BLAST, SPRITE, Chimera, and InterPRO, alongside wet laboratory procedures (to express the protein from E. coli BL21 cells), the unknown function of 3DS8 was explored. It was determined that 3DS8 has similar enzymatic structure to known hydrolases, and thus, is likely a hydrolase itself. To confirm the definite function of 3DS8, continued work (in vitro & in silico) is necessary.
P82. “The Effect of Anthropogenic Food Sources on Nest Placement and Foraging Location of Gray and Red Squirrels in an Urban Environment”
Student Presenter(s): Maia Lieske
Mentored by: Dr. Joseph Whittaker
”Abstract”
Urban development causes habitat fragmentation which can disrupt ecosystems and organisms that inhabit them. Through interruption of species movement, fragmentation causes species to react by modifying their behavior, habits, and specializations. Concordia College’s campus is home to Eastern Gray Squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) and American Red Squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). The large amount of human activity, accessibility of both natural and anthropogenic food sources, and availability of natural and anthropogenic nesting (drey) sites make campus an ideal location for observing effects of urbanization on foraging habits and movement patterns of these squirrel species. The convenience of alternate, anthropogenic food sources may influence the patterns and strategies squirrels use to forage throughout the day. To analyze these effects, we used live-trapping and radio telemetry to track squirrels across campus and documented their locations and behavior. We also monitored the characteristics, locations, and density of gray squirrel dreys throughout campus. Using ArcGIS, we spatially analyzed the dreys on campus and telemetry data of squirrel movement going back to 2014 in comparison to the locations of different anthropogenic food sources. We found a significantly patterned relationship between drey locations and foraging telemetry locations on campus in comparison to garbage can locations indicating these anthropogenic food sources influence the movement patterns and nest use of urban squirrels.
P83. “Comparative Analysis of Microlitter Abundance in the Proventriculus, Gizzard, and Intestines of North American Waterfowl”
Student Presenter(s): Seema Mustafa, Therese Byankuba, Luke Young
Mentored by: Dr. Jenn Sweatman
”Abstract”
Plastic pollution is pervasive, breaking down into microplastics (fragments ≤ 5mm) over time and often accumulating into animal organs through ingestion. Recent studies have detected microplastics in terrestrial soils and aquatic environments, yet limited investigation has focused on waterfowl. To address this research gap, we analyzed the proventriculus, gizzard, and intestines of North American waterfowl. Gastrointestinal (GI) tracts from diverse waterfowl species and feeding habits were provided by local hunters, significantly expanding our sample size. During the dissection of the GI tracts we quantified microlitter abundance. We then performed a hot needle test to confirm suspected microplastics. Our hypothesis explored variations in microlitter abundance based on species and GI tract location. Of the samples analyzed, we found that 58% contained microlitter. Our findings also revealed a significantly higher microlitter abundance in the intestines compared to the proventriculus and gizzard. This suggests consistent consumption of microlitter before waterfowl harvest. While these results shed light on microlitter prevalence, additional research is crucial to quantify it further and identify specific plastic types. Ongoing research findings can help inform resource managers about the presence of microlitter in waterfowl, aiding in the implementation of measures to protect these populations.
P84. “Wild Rice Monitoring Near Tamarac National Wildlife Refuge”
Student Presenter(s): Sophie Schaumann
Mentored by: Kent Sundseth
”Abstract”
Wild rice (Zizania palustris), a native plant found in Minnesota’s water bodies, is both culturally and ecologically significant. Wild rice is of great cultural, historical, and spiritual importance for the Ojibwe people. The plant possesses a great ecological role within many ecosystems, providing food and shelter for many species of wildlife and fish. However, wild rice is being threatened by changes in water hydrology, climate change, pollution, and competition from other species. Due to its great importance, ensuring the continued survival of wild rice populations in Minnesota is crucial. During the summer of 2023, I participated in the annual monitoring of wild rice populations in collaboration with White Earth Nation and Tamarac National Wildlife Refuge. Sites of wild rice monitoring included Rice Lake, Blackbird Lake, South Tamarac Lake, Upper Rice Lake, and Lower Rice Lake. Methods followed the Kjerland Wild Rice Monitoring Field Guide. We paddled to 40+ sampling points on each water body, as defined by the Minnesota DNR on Field Maps. At each point, we measured stalk density, stalk height, water depth, and recorded the presence of other species. We compiled and analyzed the results for every variable monitored. We found that Lower Rice Lake had the highest average biomass per square meter, followed by Blackbird, Upper Rice, Rice, and South Tamarac Lakes. All data found will inform management decisions and the annual harvesting of wild rice by White Earth Nation members. This is an ongoing project that will support the sustainability of wild rice populations in Minnesota.
Each poster will have a number displayed on it. In Poster Session 2, poster number P43 will be in the northeast corner of the Centrum and poster numbers P78 – P84 will be in the atrium.